A. V. Kaibichev, I. A. Kaibichev.
ABSTRACT
The interelectrode transfer of elements from melts in helium is determined by experimental changes in their mass, past electricity, and electric field strength. The greatest influence was exerted by the polarity of the melt. It changed the direction of interelectrode transfer of elements. When coinciding with evaporation, the measured mass change was greater than the interelectrode transfer and less when the opposite one occurred. The influence of conditions on interelectrode transfer is considered in three periods of removal and return of elements to the melt. The change in the atomicity of the transferred ions, the atomic mass and the number of atoms was found. Their differences in periods reflected changes in the composition of the surface layer of the electrodes. In the first period, three – atom aluminum ions and molecular ferronickel were transferred, in the second and third-diatomic aluminum and monatomic iron. The interelectrode transfer of elements is calculated by the product of the number and atomic mass of the transferred ions. The proposed dependence differs from Faraday’s law for transport in ionic electrolytes. In electrolytes, monatomic ions are transferred with a charge corresponding to the valence of the element. In gases, single-charge ions with any defined number of atoms (molecules) are transferred. The transfer in electrolytes is calculated from all electricity that has passed, and in gases from the transfer of ions. The interelectrode transfer of elements depends on changes in the mass of the melt in the experiment, the electricity passed, the electric field strength, the gas pressure of the filler, the temperature, the velocities of ions and electrons. Sufficient reliability is confirmed by a multiple numerical correspondence of the atomic masses of the transported ions to the atomic weight of elements and molecular compounds in equilibrium melts.
KEY WORDS:
electricity, tension, electron, ion, speed, atom, atomic mass.
DOI: 10.31857/S0235010620060079